French/Week 8

The near future, and joining sentences together

Aller plus a verb gets you the future for almost no effort. Connectors then turn a list of sentences into a story.

Colours live this week

10 of 10 in play
Noun

A thing, a person or a place.

Verb

An action or a state — what is happening.

Adjective

Describes a noun.

Adverb

Modifies a verb or an adjective.

Article

the / a / some — and possessives like mon, ma.

Pronoun

Stands in for a noun — I, you, he, it.

Preposition

Links words together — to, in, of, for.

Conjunction

Joins two parts of a sentence.

Question word

Opens a question — where, when, how, why.

Fixed chunk

Learn it whole. Do not take it apart.

Teal conjunctions and gold sequence adverbs do the heavy lifting this week. Adverbs also carry a dotted underline, so you can pick them out at a glance.

The easiest tense in French

To say what you are going to do, take aller in the present and follow it with a verb in its dictionary form. No new endings, no participles. If you can say je vais, you can already talk about the future.

Aller plus an infinitive

SubjectallerIn a sentenceEnglish
JevaisJe vais manger.I'm going to eat.
VousallezVous allez visiter le musée ?Are you going to visit the museum?
NousallonsNous allons réserver une table.We're going to book a table.
Il / EllevaIl va appeler.He's going to call.

Connectors

Teal joins two ideas inside one sentence.

  • etand
    J'ai mangé et j'ai bu.I ate and I drank.
  • maisbut
    [C'est] bon mais cher.It's good but expensive.
  • parce quebecause
    parce que je suis à la retraite.…because I'm retired.
  • alorsso / then
    Alors, je vais rester.So, I'm going to stay.
  • doncso, therefore

    Slightly firmer than alors — it draws a conclusion.

Sequence words

Gold puts your events in order. Four of these turn a heap of sentences into a narrative.

  • d'abordfirst
    D'abord, j'ai pris un café.First, I had a coffee.
  • puisthen
    Puis, je suis allé au parc.Then I went to the park.
  • aprèsafterwards
    Après, j'ai vu mon fils.Afterwards, I saw my son.
  • enfinfinally
    Enfin, je suis rentré.Finally, I went home.

Sentence frames

  1. 1

    Je vais infinitive.

    I'm going to ___.

  2. 2

    clause, mais / parce que / alors, clause

    …, but / because / so, …

    Any two clauses you already know, joined.

  3. 3

    D'abordpuisaprèsenfin

    First … then … afterwards … finally …

    The story spine. Hang anything you like on it.

A five-sentence story

Past, future and connectors together. Read it aloud, then rebuild it with your own day.

D'abord, j'ai pris un café.

Puis, je suis allé au parc.

Après, j'ai vu mon fils.

Enfin, je suis rentré à la maison.

Demain, je vais réserver une table.

Before you read the translation

  • 1How many different tenses are at work here?
  • 2Which four gold words carry the whole shape of the story?

First I had a coffee. Then I went to the park. Afterwards I saw my son. Finally I went home. Tomorrow I'm going to book a table.

One more time on agreement

The story above is in the masculine speaker form — allé, rentré. If you are female, use allée and rentrée. It is the same bold-and-slanted cue from Week 7, and it applies every time you use être in the past.

Daily mini-tasks

Two card types for this phase

Conjugation, for recall: front "you can (vous) — pouvoir", back vous pouvez. Sentence, for production: front "Where is the station?", back Où est la gare ? The rules do not change — three to five new cards a day, the daily load rule, and the same chair each morning.

Listening this week

InnerFrench or Coffee Break French — a narrative episode

Podcast apps

Find someone recounting a day or a trip, and listen for the d'abord … puis … après … enfin skeleton underneath it.

Milestone

By the end of this week you should be able to:

  • 01Conjugate high-frequency verbs in the present for je, vous, il/on and nous — and recognise the tu and ils forms.
  • 02Ask for directions, prices and times using the question words.
  • 03Recount yesterday in the passé composé, with both avoir and être.
  • 04Talk about near-future plans using aller plus an infinitive.
  • 05Tell a short connected story using et, mais, parce que, alors, and d'abord / puis / après / enfin.